Rosemond's MSc Blog

Category: Uncategorized

  • The use of generative AI in business.

    Businesses of all sizes—large, medium, and small—must innovate to ensure sustainable growth and remain competitive. To achieve these goals, they are implementing increasingly complex information systems and adopting technologies such as cloud and edge computing to meet ever-increasing performance needs. With the emergence of generative artificial intelligence technologies, businesses are redefining the notion of competitiveness. This blog post aims to examine the integration and use of generative AI within businesses. 

    A brief literature review on the concept of generative artificial intelligence to enhance understanding of the subject.

    President Biden’s Executive Order (EO) 14110, July 2024, on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence, mentioned in the publication of the ” Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework: Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile,” published by Laurie E. Locascio, Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology, defines generative AI as “the class of AI models that emulate the structure and characteristics of input data in order to generate synthetic content.” This can include images, videos, audio, text, and other digital content”.  

    Thanks to its characteristics and potential, its use is rapidly spreading in various industries. Cyril de Sousa Cardozo and Fanny Parise, talking about the integration of generative AI in businesses, write in a book entitled “Guide to Generative AI” published in October 2023: “We are at the dawn of a revolution that will radically transform the way we work, inform ourselves, and communicate.” They illustrate this point with a revealing anecdote: while it took Netflix 3,600 days to reach 100 million users, ChatGPT achieved this feat in just 60 days. 

    Opportunities

    Predictive analytics: Generative AI technology analyzes customer data to anticipate future needs. This proactive analysis capability helps deliver better-tailored products or services, strengthening customer relationships through an excellent, in-depth understanding of customer expectations. The study by Park et al. (2023), “Generative agent simulation of 1000 people” clearly demonstrates the potential of AI to simulate and predict human behavior with very high accuracy.

    For example, by analyzing various customer data, generative artificial intelligence can predict what products or services customers are likely to buy in the future, as well as the time of year they will be ready to make those purchases. It is also able to determine the likelihood of customer disengagement with the company.

    In addition, the use of generative artificial intelligence saves work teams time, improving business performance while reducing operating costs. This is because repetitive tasks are automated.

    Take Expedia’s “HI Jiffy” chatbot as an example, which allows you to manage interactions with customers from Expedia or other platforms from a unified inbox. This system is designed to optimize time management and reduce response times by simplifying message management. Moreover, it has the ability to interact with many customers simultaneously.

    challenges:

    Multiple challenges still need to be overcome to better leverage these new technologies in businesses, particularly ethical issues.

    Copyright issues: Generative AI generates new ideas, new services, and new products from previously created data. Issues related to data confidentiality and the quality of the data used to power AI.

    The utilization of generative artificial intelligence is poised to revolutionize the global business environment. It will enhance the competitiveness of companies, allowing them to deliver higher-quality services more efficiently. This transition should be managed with careful consideration and responsibility to safeguard our values, rights, norms, behaviors, and employment.

    REF

    .- Cyril de Sousa Cardozo & Fanny Parise, 2023 – Guide de l’IA générative : Transformez votre quotidien professionnel à l’ère de ChatGPT, Bing, Bard, Bloom, Claude -1ère Edition octobre 2023 – 240 pages – ISBN 978-2-8073-6170-6.

    .- Jean-Marc Lehu, 2003 – Stratégie de Fidélisation – 2eme Edition, aout 2003- 454 pages

    .- Gina M. Raimondo, Laurie E. Locascio, 2024 – Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework : Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile. NIST Trustworthy and Responsible AI NIST AI 600-1-        https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.AI.600-1

    .-  Park J.,  Zou C,, ShawA , .. & Bernstein M., November 15, 2024: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC); Machine Learning (cs.LG)    https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.10109

    .- Bick, A., Blandin, A., Deming, D.J., 2025; The Rapid Adoption of Generative AI, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Working Paper 2024-027. : https://doi.org/10.20955/wp.2024.027

    .- Fabrice Martin, 2023 – L’IA générative : un outil pour améliorer l’expérience client et la fidélisation : https://www.afrc.org/2024/12/02/12-2023

  • What the Paper Says

    Can Cloud and Edge Computing Add Value to Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

    Authors: Achille Mikanoma Ndemvokolo, Dr Tooska Dargahi, and Prof Haifa Takruri

    The paper explains how cloud computing and edge computing technologies have been widely adopted by educational institutions to deliver courses, hospital institutions for remote consultations, and businesses for daily operations, following the lockdown and social distancing periods imposed by governments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, during which teleworking had become the norm.

    The document describes the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, such as the possibility of having an information system without heavy initial investment, with unlimited data storage capacity and services always available, with collaboration tools where software maintenance and updates are provided.

    It recommends that SMEs, after an assessment of risks and needs, adopt a hybrid solution to better take advantage of the advantages offered by both technologies.

    This blog post lacks clarity regarding the primary objective of the work. It merely describes the approach that will be taken to address the topic.

    The supply of cloud computing is no longer a concern due to its high availability and increasing competitiveness, bolstered by the entry of major players such as Google, Oracle, and IBM into the sector. Although significant research has been conducted on the benefits of cloud computing for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), this subject remains crucial given the continuous evolution of these technologies. Consequently, the need for ongoing research on their impact on SMEs will persist for many years.

    The authors of the article highlight the significance of using these two technologies for SMEs. Since the introduction of cloud computing by companies like Amazon and Microsoft, numerous thought and research works have been published on this topic. For instance, the article titled “Cloud Computing Adoption in SMEs”, co-authored by Olakunle Jayeola, Anuar Shah Bali Mahomed, Azmawani Abd Rahman, Shafie Sidek, and published in the International Journal of Business and Society, is a systematic review of the literature on the current state of cloud computing adoption in SMEs. The authors examined more than 76 relevant articles addressing the same subject.

    The materials generated in this blog post are designed to be accessible to the public and are void of excessively technical terminology. They are systematically organized and relevant to the topic at hand. Additionally, they reflect recent advancements in cloud technology and address key aspects of the subject.

    No ethical considerations are to be reported in this article. All ethical principles have been respected.

    Based on the research question: “Can Cloud and Edge Computing add value to Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs)?”, this article examines the widespread adoption of cloud and edge computing technologies across various sectors. The study outlines their application by educational institutions, hospitals, and companies adopting remote working during COVID-19 lockdown periods, indicating the context in which the research was conducted.

    Reviewing the steps that led to the writing of this article, it is evident that the survey was the research method used by the authors to carry out this work.

    In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, collecting data on employee behavior, preferences, and habits was important for maintaining business operations. Surveys are valuable qualitative and quantitative research methods for achieving this objective.

    The method lacked adequate description due to the absence of a clearly stated objective.

    The methodology was not sufficiently described due to the lack of a clearly stated objective.

    The article is both informative and incentivizing, written with a structured plan and a high degree of consistency. It is a work done with care, offering a neat and remarkable presentation. With more than 1100 words and a few long paragraphs, it can be improved to become more concise

    In conclusion, the authors of the article assert that cloud computing and edge computing technologies are not inherently superior but rather complement each other to enable businesses to drive innovation. They also emphasize that both technologies present enormous security challenges.

    To improve work quality, the authors should have referenced research data and presented statistics on the technological tools used during the pandemic, when remote work had become the norm in SMEs.

    References

    .- Dr. Amit Mishra – 2023, The Impact of Cloud Computing On Small and Medium Enterprises: Opportunities and Challenges, Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, ID 1704992 Page: 366-374

    .- Peter Mell & Timothy Grance – September 2011 – The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing: Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology: Special Publication 800-145- https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/legacy/sp/nistspecialpublication800-145.pdf

    .- Scott. R. Harris – 2022 – How to Critique Journal Articles in Social Sciences – second Edition – Waveland Press, Inc

    .- Guillaume Plouin – 2009 – Cloud Computing and Saas : Une rupture décisive pour l’information de l’entreprise. – Dunod – EAN: 9782100523764 (249 pages)

  • Information system usage in Business

    Let’s keep it simple: First, what is an information system?

    In his book “Information Systems and Management,” Robert Reix [1] defines an information system (IS) as a structured set of resources, including hardware, software, personnel, data, and procedures. These components work together to acquire, process, store, and communicate information, thereby aiding decision-making and control within an organization

    In the current economic context, information systems are fundamentally linked to the use of technological tools for various purposes. This article will predominantly examine two specific reasons for their usage.

    Organizational Effectiveness is one of the main reasons for the use of Information Systems in companies. For example, consider a company that specializes in the sale of automotive parts without an inventory management system that can determine the quantity, availability, and location of items based on manufacturer, model, year of manufacture, serial number, etc. This company could encounter significant difficulties, compromising its operational efficiency.

    Automating inventory management through alert or messaging features helps keep in touch with staff, transmit instructions faster, and better coordinate the activities of different teams across the company. This reduction in information asymmetry helps to optimize resource efficiency.

    The integration of information systems within companies can significantly increase their productivity. Regardless of the size, large, medium or small, and whether it is production-oriented or sales-oriented, a company must optimize its performance. This optimization is generally achieved by a more efficient organization of work with the introduction of technological tools like staff management, time management, etc.

    For instance, the integration of an information system such as a CRM (Customer Relationship Management) with features such as customer request tracking, lead management, customer experience personalization, etc. in a business enables informed decisions based on customer interaction data. This process is essential for enhancing customer satisfaction and retention, thereby facilitating the company’s growth and development.

    A good understanding of customers and suppliers is essential for the development of a business, especially when it comes to launching new products or services. In fact, in an article published on the website http://www.anark.com “The link between supplier collaboration and customer satisfaction”, Patrick Dunfey wrote: “The more a company understands its customers and suppliers, the better it can adapt its business model to improve customer satisfaction and foster stronger supplier collaboration. This knowledge allows for tailored strategies and proactive solutions”.

    The establishment of an Information System (IS) should be prioritized during the inception phase of a company. It facilitates the collection, storage, processing, and dissemination of critical information required for making informed decisions. It plays a key role in various business activities, and its development is mainly aimed at automating tasks and improving the company’s efficiency and competitiveness. Today, the emergence of artificial intelligence tends to further increase the dependence of companies on information systems. According to (Devaraj and Kohli, 2003), the adoption of information technology is a strategic tool that allows men to improve their performance at work.

    Information systems are used by companies to meet various needs. They generally help improve business performance by optimizing operations, facilitating communications, and enhancing relationships with the public, clients, and suppliers to improve customer satisfaction. Through websites that can serve both as showcases and points of sale, they make physical stores accessible to the public regardless of geographical boundaries. In conclusion of a study conducted in 2011 on the use of information systems in business and management, published by ICI Global, Mihane Berisha-Namani recommends paying greater attention to information system technologies, as they are essential for better management and the success of enterprises on system usage in business

    [1] Robert Reix (1934-2006) was professor emeritus at the University of Montpellier, France. He has strongly influenced the management of information systems, particularly by being one of the founding members of the “AIM (Association Information et Management)” and the journal “Systèmes d’information et management”

    [2] Patrick D. | Vice President of Marketing and Sales Enablement

    References

    ..- Reix, B., Kalika, R., & Rowe – 2023 – Système d’Information et de Management – 8e Edition- Viubert.

    .- Mihane Berisha-Namani, 2011. “Information Systems Usage in Business and Management, “International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy (IJIDE), IGI Global, vol. 2(2), pages 12-23.

    .- Devaraj, S., Kohli, R., (2003), “Performance Impacts of Information Technology: Is Actual Usage the Missing Link?”, Management Science, Vol. 49, n°3, p. 273-289.

    .- Witold Abramowicz, 2007, Business Information Systems, 1st edition – 10th International Conference, Poznan, Poland.

    .-Patrick Dunfey – The Link Between Supplier Collaboration & Customer Satisfaction: https://www.anark.com/resources/blog/supplier-collaboration-customer-satisfaction

  • About me

    Engineer, State University of Haiti (UEH) with a Scholarship holder from the Government of Japan in 2001 for a specialization program “network computer Engineer” in Okinawa, Japan.

    With more than 23 years of experience covering roles such as: Information Systems Director, Network Administrator, Systems Engineer, Project Manager, and telecommunications systems analyst and has been, worked as an expert delegate at the Prime Minister’s Office in 2017, I’m responsible of the IT department at Banque de la République d’Haiti.

    In public and private sectors, I provide my services to advance major technological projects and with the personal objective of active participation in reducing the digital divide in Haiti to make the public sector more efficient, more transparent, more responsive to demands of citizens but also more resilient.